[Commlist] Call for papers for Special issue - The Languages and Anti-Languages of Health Communication in the Age of Conspiracy Theories, Mis/Disinformation and Hate Speech

Call for papers for Special issue --  Lingue e 
Linguaggi  (siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/linguelinguaggi 
<http://siba-ese.unisalento.it/index.php/linguelinguaggi>)
The Languages and Anti-Languages of Health Communication in the Age of 
Conspiracy Theories, Mis/Disinformation and Hate Speech (Ed. by 
Massimiliano Demata, Natalia Knoblock and Marianna Lya Zummo)

We are calling for abstracts for a special issue of Lingue e Linguaggi 
focusing on the languages of health communication in both institutional 
and non-institutional media settings. The special issue will address 
aspects related to genre and discourse as well as morphosyntactic 
characteristics of health communication in the current age, an age 
increasingly characterised by (dis-/mis-)information, conspiracy 
theories and hate speech as occurring in the context of both mass media 
and social media.

Dis- and misinformation, conspiracy theories and hostile communication 
are reportedly on the rise and are beginning to receive significant 
attention among linguists and discourse scholars because of the 
alternative discourses which are generated through them (Demata et al, 
forthcoming; Knoblock 2020; Zummo 2018, 2017; Lazaridis et al., 2016). 
In particular, health communication has been subjected to mis-and 
disinformation as well as to contributing to conspiracy theories which 
have become very influential in many countries. With the growing 
influence of social media in the public sphere (KhosraviNik & Unger 
2015; KhosraviNik 2017; Zummo 2017; Demata, Heaney & Herring 2018), the 
communication of alternative health discourse, often in opposition to 
that of “official” media and science, has become very difficult to 
challenge. Furthermore, the narratives supporting alternative health 
discourses have increasingly become part of the growing consensus for 
populist parties and leaders in many parts of the world, as distrust in 
the official science feeds into the typically populist drive against 
establishment politics (Bergmann 2018).

During the last three decades, health discourse has been particularly 
exposed to mis/disinformation and fake news. Conspiracy theories (CTs) 
and mis/disinformation about AIDS have been followed by those about the 
supposed damage brought by vaccines (Archer 2015; Kata 2010). In fact, 
tension arises between medical science looking out for the collective 
well-being and the emotive amplification of groups being concerned with 
their individual health. Such exchanges have developed in 
anti-vaccination discourses, with online fora working as echo chambers. 
More recently, the coronavirus outbreak has provided evidence of how the 
spread of disinformation and conspiracy thinking has reached beyond the 
narrow confines of individual or group narratives for believers. CTs 
support alternative views on official science, economy and the news, and 
construct certain (often radical) beliefs in periods of existential or 
social uncertainty. They are creating new articulations of discourse in 
the public sphere because of their innovative, and often subversive, 
language that mixes urgency, hope, hate speech and suspicions for 
potential machinations form the establishment. Social media have 
provided the ideal output for CTs: without “gatekeepers”, polarized 
communities create an “antagonistic sphere” (Krzyzanowski & Ledin 2017) 
and foster political engagement (especially against governments and the 
establishment), which can even lead to extremism and violence (Bergmann 
2018; Wodak 2020).

The purpose of this special edition to explore the “anti-languages” 
(Halliday 1976) and the counter-discourses endorsing 
(mis/dis-)information and CTs in direct opposition to official 
discourses and challenging social and political hegemony (Terdiman 1985; 
Van Dijk 1997). We welcome papers that explore the following points, 
though other pertinent submissions will also be considered:

− CT production and discourse on a social, linguistic and political 
perspective(s)
− Critical analysis of CT on health-related issues and their social impact
− Intersectional analysis of health and computer-mediated communication
− Historical overview of Health (and Medical) Humanities and CTs
− Military language in social representation of medicine
− Linguistic and cross-cultural analysis of threat assessment levels
− Othering caused by health issues
− Hate speech related to/originating from groups opposing official 
health discourse
− Analysis of linguistic cues (e.g. the occurrence of certain parts of 
speech) that distinguish the language of CTs from strictly informative 
sources.
− Verbal aggression, “othering”, dehumanization, hate speech in 
health-related discourse(s)
− The politicization of health discourse

Please send abstracts (maximum 300 words plus references) by 1 April 
2021 to:
(massimiliano.demata /at/ unito.it) <mailto:(massimiliano.demata /at/ unito.it)>, 
(nlknoblo /at/ svsu.edu) <mailto:(nlknoblo /at/ svsu.edu)>, (mariannalya.zummo /at/ unipa.it) 
<mailto:(mariannalya.zummo /at/ unipa.it)>
Confirmation of acceptance: 15 April 2021
Deadline for submission of first drafts: 1 October 2021
Deadline for submission of revised papers: 31 January 2022
Publication: Summer 2022
No payment from the authors will be required for publication.
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